AMMR investigates all allegations of research and publication misconduct, whether raised before or after publication, following the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) flowcharts.
- Fabrication or falsification of data, results, or images.
- Plagiarism, including self-plagiarism and redundant or duplicate publication (see the Plagiarism Policy).
- Improper authorship, including guest, gift, or ghost authorship.
- Undisclosed conflicts of interest and unethical research practices (e.g. missing ethics approval or consent).
- Manipulation of the peer-review process (for example, fabricated reviewer identities).
When a concern is raised, the editor gathers evidence and gives the authors an opportunity to respond. Substantiated misconduct may result in rejection, correction, expression of concern, or retraction, and may be reported to the authors' institutions. The confidentiality of good-faith whistle-blowers is protected.